Dr Marc-Gérald Choukroun The author presents the case of care
early for a small 4-year-old patient.

They apply the basic principles of bioprogressive treatment: anatomical and functional unlocking.

Paléodont: The embalmed body of a British aristocrat | Dr Djillali Hadjouis
_For forty years, the archaeology department of Val-de-Marne has been carrying out excavations. It has discovered more than three thousand skeletons, dating from the early Neolithic to the 19th century. The largest number of them comes from excavations of medieval and modern necropolises. One of these discoveries stands out clearly from the others, given its spectacular nature and unprecedented status. It is a sarcophagus that was found, by chance, in October 1986, in the basement of the city’s music conservatory in Saint-Maurice. In fact, the anthropomorphic lead sarcophagus that had just been discovered contained an epitaph inscribed on a plaque made of a copper alloy, whose text in Latin provided a brief history of an English nobleman of London origin: Thomas Craven (fig. 1). His identity, date of death, and the aristocratic lineage of his family give him a unique status in Île-de-France, with the exception of the kings of France buried in the Basilica of Saint-Denis.

Varia: Osteopathy and lingual function | Dr Frédéric Vanpoull

For many years, orthodontists have taken functional education into account in the treatment of their patients. The beneficial contribution of this functional approach to the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndromes (OSAHS) means that many medical specialties are also interested in this topic, which makes an indispensable evolution necessary. In fact, the rehabilitation specialists previously had a view centered on linguo-labial functions, which must evolve toward a basi-lingual mastery—a key area for functional stabilization. This is a fundamental change, because we educate our patients standing or seated through daytime conscious acts, whereas the harmful role of dysfunctions is above all nocturnal, reflexive, and subcortical. So how can we succeed in mastering lingual functions and automating them?

Varia: TMD and stress management | Dr Marc-Gérald Choukroun and Dr Wacyl Mesnay

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are of multifactorial origin. Initially, this involves exceeding the tissue tolerance or its capacity for adaptation.
All the experts in this field have experience of a link with a state of stress, particularly in so-called “chronic” patients. Clinical and
fundamental studies confirm this link between physiological changes due to stress and the worsening of symptoms, up to their chronicization.
After recalling the fundamentals of Selye’s stress theory, the authors propose two techniques:
> a “generalist” method based on information and advice;
> an “expert” method inspired by medical hypnosis, easy to apply in a clinical setting. The physiological goal is to activate a cortical area likely to play a therapeutic role in emotions, the cingulate cortex located between the two hemispheres.

Technical updates: Around Cone Beam | Dr Paul Azoulay

An imaging technique that enables the digital acquisition of bone structures and the creation of slices in three dimensions.

Life in the clinic: : Succeed on the first day with your new recruit | Dr Frank Pourrat

An imaging technique that enables the digital acquisition of bone structures and the creation of slices in three dimensions.

Medical psychology: Medical psychology: Dysmorphophobia | Dr Marc-Gérald Choukroun

Dysmorphophobia is a serious mental illness that does not resolve through the physical correction the patient demands. Dysmorphophobia raises an identification problem in the nomenclature: it is not a phobia. Its exact term, in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), is “fear of a bodily dysmorphia.” Doctor Jean-David Nasio, psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, provides us with interesting insights. In addition, orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons are regularly faced with this issue (5 to 10% of cases, according to Mathieu Touchard). We must propose a clinical approach that can support both the patient and the practitioner.

Evidence-based: Evidence-based orthodontics | Dr Martial Ruiz

Tools are available to measure the clinical impact of a significant difference highlighted in a study: effect sizes.

Student paper: What is a beautiful smile? | Dr Paul Cappaï

A smile is an undeniable tool for communicating emotions to others. Together with eye contact, it forms the showcase of our personality. Current aesthetic criteria shaped by the media, the world of advertising and fashion, and more recently social networks and internet blogs, highlight smiles with teeth that are well aligned and well whitened. The smile appears as an indisputable factor of beauty.